Cost and Financing of Irrigation System Operations and Maintenance in Pakistan
نویسندگان
چکیده
Despite concern over poorly maintained irrigation systems and insufficient investment in operations and maintenance (O&M) for irrigation systems in most developing couqtries, there is little agreement about how much money is required. A review of 18 Asian Development Bank (ADB) appraisal reports for irrigation projects in Asia, covering the period 1969-78, revealed O&M estimates ranging from USS15 USSl20 per hectare (ADB 1980). This is not surprising given the variety of irrigation systems involved. What is surprising is the absence of published information on what is actually spent for O&M.
منابع مشابه
A fixed and flexible maintenance operations planning optimization in a parallel batch machines manufacturing system
Scheduling has become an attractive area for artificial intelligence researchers. On other hand, in today's real-world manufacturing systems, the importance of an efficient maintenance schedule program cannot be ignored because it plays an important role in the success of manufacturing facilities. A maintenance program may be considered as the heath care of manufacturing machines and equipments...
متن کاملIslamic Project Financing in Pakistan: Current Challenges and Opportunities Ahead
This study is related to an Islamic project financing with a major focus on investigating the role of Islamic finance in financing infrastructural development projects (toll roads, power plants, airports, and plants, as well as natural resource exploitation projects, such as hydroelectric dams, mining projects, oil and gas assets, and paper mills), especially in the context of Pakistan. Infrast...
متن کاملModeling and Optimization of Truck-Shovel Allocation to Mining Faces in Cement Quarry
Truck and shovel are the most common raw material transportation system used in the cement quarry operations. One of the major challenges associated with the cement quarry operations is the efficient allocation of truck and shovel to the mining faces. In order to minimize the truck and shovel operating cost, subject to quantity and quality constraints, the mixed integer linear programing (MILP)...
متن کاملIntra Sector Policy Interventions for Improvement of Iranian Health Financing System
Background and purpose: To determine an appropriate financial model for the health system of Iran, several studies have been conducted. But it seems that these studies were not comprehensive and further investigation is required. So to design a valid and enforceable mechanism, the study of policy interventions will be considered through consensus of all stakeholders. This investigation was done...
متن کاملSetup times optimization with considering maintenance scheduling by using nonlinear modeling
The present paper, titled “optimizing the time of preparation, taking into account the timing of repair and maintenance using non-linear modeling”, has been implemented with the aim of designing and presenting a mathematical model to get the best sequence of operations leading to minimum the total time of production. The main research question is related to the reduction of time and productio...
متن کامل